Air brake



Dec. 30.1924, 1,52L7

D. BERGER AIR BRAKE 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Nqv. 22, 1920 Dec. 3o, 1924.

1,521,170 D. BERGER AIR BRAKE l Filed. Nov. 22, 1920 2 sheets-sheet 2 Fly-,5 j v lelmoerger Patented es. 3Q, 1924.

2 rr s ai. a r :w11

AIR BRAKE.

Application tiled November 22, .1.920.

To all whom t mag/.concerm yBe it known that l, DELLNo BERGER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Madison Township, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful lfmprovement in Air Brakes, of which the following' is a specification.

The principal object of this invention is to procure a long and quick stroke of the actuating rod of a brake rigging with a short or inappreciable stroke of the piston thereby economizing air and taking up 4slack or lost motion in the rigging. Another object of the invention is to avoid leakage in the` brake cylinder. Other objects will appear from the disclosure herein.

The invention is embodied in the examples herein shown-and described, the features 0f novelty being finally claimed.

In the accompanying drawingsf Figure lis a plan view of one embodiment of the invention showing the parts in the position of brakes olf.

. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the sameshowing the parts in lthe position of the brakes applied.

Fig. 3 illustrates in plan view a modilication of the construction.

Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the application of my invention to a brake rigging of a car.

Fig. 5 illustrates means for connecting the motion transforming mechanism with a pis` ton so as to avoid perforating the cylinder head for the piston rod andthe consequent necessity for providing a stufng box.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2 the char` acter ltlfdesignates the air brake cylinder, the same being mounted to slide upon parallel rods 11 of a suitable frame comprising in the instance shown side'beams 12, 12. and fixed cross beams 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d between them. The cylinder is composed of two Vparts'bolted together with a flexible diaphragm 13 of impervious material. be-

tween them,fsaid diaphragm serving as a packing to prevent leakage around the piston, the latter being designated 14. The diaphragm 13 is centrally perforated for the passage of the piston rod 14a, the diaphragm at the perforation being reinforced by a retaining rino to make and maintain a close fit on the rod. Where the piston rod passes through the cylinder head it can be provided with an ordinary stuiing box (not Serial No. 425,845.

shown). 15 designates a pipe for the ad mission of pressure to the cylinder. The release of pressure from thecylinder can take place through the same pipe. Because the movement of the piston is small the diaphragm follows the piston in its stroke under pressure. The character 17 designates a double toggle member pivoted at 12e upon the cross beam 12b. Said toggle member is actuated by the piston rod 14a through two links 16 connected with the lateral hinges 17 of the toggle member 17 and a connector plate 16a connecting said plate with. the piston rod. The points of connection of the links 16 with the plate 16L are spaced so that the line of pull of the links shall not coincide with the axes of the respective adjacent arms of the toggle. rllhe character 19 designates a larger double toggle member, the inner ends of the adjacent arms of which Vare connected with the smaller toggle member 17 by mea-ns of a connector plate 19". The larger toggle member has hinged to the lateral pivot 19a thereof a pair of bell-crank levers 21Vthat in turn are fulcrumed upon a common pivot pin 12t on the fixed cross piece 12c of the supporting frame. The other and shorter arm of the bell-crank levers 21 are connected by link rods 24 with the head of the brake cylinder. The middle hinge 19c of the forward arms of the larger toggle member are connected to the rod 2O for actuating the brake rigging and brakes. The rod 2O is provided with a spring 25 tending to hold the toggle normally open or as shown in Fig. 1 with the brakes released. When air under pressure is admitted to the brake cylinder and the parts are as shown in Fig. 1 the toggles are quickly collapsed as shown in Fig. 2 drawing the rigging to braking position with only a very slight and inappreciable movement of the piston. The movement of the piston relative to the cylinder is further diminished by the fact that the cylinder itself is shoved somewhat in the same direction as the piston moves by the action of the bell-crank levers 21 on the cylinder through the link rodsV 24 as shown `in Fig.

.1. 1t will be noted that in this operation the cylinder is supported by the rods 24.- and shoved somewhat to the right by the bell crank levers 21 in the brake applied position. The elfect of this operation is to reduce the relative movement of the cylinder and piston in respect to each other and thereby reduce the required quantityY of compressed air to operate the rigging. Upon the release of pressure from the brake cylinder'the spring Q5 eti-acts the rod 20 and opens the toggle as shown in Fig. l.

Inthe construction shown in Fig. 3 the hinge 17" of the small toggle device 17 is carried upon a cross-bar 26 mounted to slide upon rods 11 and the pivot pin 19 of the larger toggle is carried upon a cross-bar 27y also mounted to slide upon said parallel rods l1. Between the lined cross bar l2 .and the sliding lcross-bar 26 and encircling the rods l1 are coil springs 28 tending to 'hold the cross bar 26 normally but yieldingly in the open position of the toggles and the released position ot the brake rigging' and brake; andencirclingl the rods ll between sli'dable cross bars 26 and 27 are coil springs 29 tending to resist movement of the cross bar 26 toward the cross bar 2'?. The to-ggles Vare thus yieldingly supported. The rods 1l are provided with adjustable collars 30to vary the position of the slidable cross bars 26 and27. The coil springs 28 and 29 and the adjustable ycollars permit adjustment to compensate 'for Wear on the brake shoes and wear of the peripheries of the Wheels. VThe operation of the construction shown in Fig. 3 is similar to that of the construction shown in Figs. l and 2 except that the mountings of the tvvo toggles are yielding butsubgect to the resistance of the 'springs -28 and 29, `and except that bellcrank levers are not employed to actuate the cylinder.. the latter being fixed in posi- .tion .by means of kbolts l0a upon the fixed cross beam 12a.

Fig. A4 illustrates vdiagrammatically how the invention can be applied to a brake rig-v ging. In Lthis Vview the vmain or primary brake rod 40 is connected by a cross lever 4l vvith anotherlongitudinal rod 42that has connected with it lever 43 and lever 45, the tvvo last being connected by a rod `4G and carrying brake shoes 43n and 45a to bear uponthe car Wheels at one end of the car. The cross lever 4l is connected by rod 47 i with another lcross lever 47a and to 'this is connected a `r0d48, .lever 49, rod 50 and 'lever 5l. The `levers 49 and 51 carry the brake shoes 49a and 5la to bear upon the car with the cross lever 41. the brake cylinder being indicated 'at 10, its piston rod at14,

theftoggles at 17 and 19 respectively and the 'brake rigging 4Vactuating rodv at 20. The character 40a designates V4the 4usual hand Wheel for operating the riggingif necessary.

Fig. 5 illustrates how the perforation ot ,the cylinder `head `for the passage of 'the piston rod avoided. in this construction the connector piece 19h ofi the toggle member 19 is connected With the rear side of the piston by means of a yole -irame comprising there hash-een a partial leak-theresponseot the mechanism to a brake application by the engineer isnot as prompt,andetlle'ctive as Where thereA has been no lealiage.

Among the important advantages of my invention is .that an yextensive and quick movement of the brake-rigging obtained with an inappreciable rmovement of the brake cylinder piston. Anotherimportan't advantage is that the pull on'fthe bra-kerig ging actuating rod is centralized iand the motion transmission mechanism compacted to small space. o v y What l claim .isz s i Y j Lln an air brale mechanism, the crombinationl with a ii-xed frame and a brake rigging,ot a brake cylinder sliding on said frame, a piston sliding in `said 'cylinder,a

.toggle member pivoted .onl the fixed iframe'` and connected `with and operated by the piston and means actuated by the toggle to move the `cylinder in a direction coinciding With the movement ofthe Ipiston. l 2. In ,an air brake mechanism, the ycoin bination with a fixed 'frame'and a brake rigging, of a brakey cylinder sliding on said iframe, a piston sliding yin -said cylinder, `a toggle member connectedv With -saidfpistom a bell crank lever pivoted on said .frame and supporting said toggle member on onefof its arms and a link connecting the otherarm.

.of said bell crank lever vvith the cylinder whereby the cylinder iscaused to move in a -direction coincidingl with the direction of movement of the piston. Y o

3. In an air brake mechanism, the conn binationvvith a fixed frame and a .brake rigging,'o'f a brake cylinder having an open end sliding on said frame, a ,piston sliding in `said cylinder, a frame connected with the exposed side of said piston Vand sliding therewith, a toggle pivoted on the `fixed frame connected vvith the `brake rigging `and the piston frame and means operated-by said toggle for moving the cylinder in a fdito which the piston is secured by rection coinciding with the movement of the piston.

nrlLLivo seitens. 

